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SQLite Description

A simple command-line utility

To start the sqlite3 program, just type "sqlite3" followed by the name the file that holds the SQLite database. If the file does not exist, a new one is created automatically. The sqlite3 program will then prompt you to enter SQL. Type in SQL statements (terminated by a semicolon), press "Enter" and the SQL will be executed.

For example, to create a new SQLite database named "ex1" with a single table named "tbl1", you might do this:

$ sqlite3 ex1
SQLite version
Enter ".help" for instructions
Enter SQL statements terminated with a ";"
sqlite> create table tbl1(one varchar(10), two smallint);
sqlite> insert into tbl1 values('hello!',10);
sqlite> insert into tbl1 values('goodbye', 20);
sqlite> select * from tbl1;
hello!|10
goodbye|20
sqlite>

You can terminate the sqlite3 program by typing your systems End-Of-File character (usually a Control-D). Use the interrupt character (usually a Control-C) to stop a long-running SQL statement.

Make sure you type a semicolon at the end of each SQL command! The sqlite3 program looks for a semicolon to know when your SQL command is complete. If you omit the semicolon, sqlite3 will give you a continuation prompt and wait for you to enter more text to be added to the current SQL command. This feature allows you to enter SQL commands that span multiple lines. For example:

sqlite> CREATE TABLE tbl2 (
...> f1 varchar(30) primary key,
...> f2 text,
...> f3 real
...> );
sqlite>

Aside: Querying the SQLITE_MASTER table

The database schema in an SQLite database is stored in a special table named "sqlite_master". You can execute "SELECT" statements against the special sqlite_master table just like any other table in an SQLite database. For example:

$ sqlite3 ex1
SQLite vresion 3.6.11
Enter ".help" for instructions
sqlite> select * from sqlite_master;
type = table
name = tbl1
tbl_name = tbl1
rootpage = 3
sql = create table tbl1(one varchar(10), two smallint)
sqlite>

But you cannot execute DROP TABLE, UPDATE, INSERT or DELETE against the sqlite_master table. The sqlite_master table is updated automatically as you create or drop tables and indices from the database. You can not make manual changes to the sqlite_master table.

The schema for TEMPORARY tables is not stored in the "sqlite_master" table since TEMPORARY tables are not visible to applications other than the application that created the table. The schema for TEMPORARY tables is stored in another special table named "sqlite_temp_master". The "sqlite_temp_master" table is temporary itself.

SQLite Version History

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SQLite User Reviews

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